Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines - AFPMSM
Axial Flux Permanent Magnet Synchronous Machines, are different from conventional electrical machines in terms of
the direction of the flux which runs parallel with the mechanical shaft of the machine. One of the essential characteristics is the
axial direction of magnetic flux and related pancake shape with small axial dimension and long radius.
An important advantage of AFPMSM is the disc profile of rotor and stator, which can be accomplished as a wide variety of AFPMSMs
with single or multiple air-gap, with or without slots. Due to the application and operating environment the AFPMSM stators can be
designed with or without iron core.
Despite the large variety in the existing AFPMSM it is still possible to mention some common features.
Advantageous
- Compact machine construction and short frame,
- High power density,
- High efficiency; no rotor copper losses due to the permanent-magnet excitation,
- Expansion ability in a multi-disc machine,
- Rotor with long radius and therefore with high moment of inertia can be in some cases effectively used as a flywheel,
- Less noise and less vibration,
- Plane air-gap,
- Brushless – long working life.
Main applications of AFPMSM machines
AFPMSM machines are being used in various applications in recent years. Their disc shaped construction and advantageous electromechanical
characteristics represent the main features when deciding for their use, which is widely spreading due to the falling prices of permanent
magnets.
Some prominent examples of these applications are listed below:
- small and medium electric generators ( often used with wind turbines),
- drive machines for fans, centrifuges, tools, valves, robots and for other industrial equipment,
- electric motorcycle drives,
- electric vehicle drive machines - as motor and generator,
- boat drives,
- electromechanical drives for transport or elevators,
- wheelchair drive machines,
- adjustable speed pumps,
- bigger low-speed mixers,
- medium and high speed alternators,
- small electric generators driven by gasoline or diesel engine.
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